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19 Oct 2009: v. Klitzing, G.Dorda, and M. Pepper, New methodfor high-accuracy determination ofthe fine-structure constant basedon quantized Hall resistance, Phys.Rev. ... The effect has given rise to a new international standardfor resistance.

14 Oct 2009: ω. Quantum harmonic oscillator. In new representation, known as the Fock space representation,vacuum |0〉 has no particles, |1〉 a single particle, |2〉 has two, etc.

17 Nov 2009: i! t |ψ(t)〉S = Ĥ|ψ(t)〉S. However, to develop time-dependent perturbation theory forĤ(t) = Ĥ0 V (t), it is convenient to turn to a new representationknown as

9 Nov 2009: x̂, p̂) (a, a†) is canonical, i.e. the new operators obey the canonical commutationrelation, [a, a†] = 1. ... While, at first sight, thismay look unfamiliar, the new interpretation is internally consistent.

27 Nov 2009: e.g. quantum mechanical spin, emergence of new sub-atomicparticles, etc. 2 New phenomena appear at relativistic velocities. ... At these energy scales qualitatively new phenomena emerge:. e.g. particle production, existence of antiparticles, etc.

9 Nov 2009: Achieving the regime n3T 1,through sufficient cooling, is the principle experimental advance that gave birth tothis new field of physics.

9 Nov 2009: As soon as perturbation is introduced, eigenstates lie in direction ofthe new elliptic axes – switch not proportional to α. ... The new states |n(0)α 〉 =. i ciα|n(0)i 〉, defined by the eigenstates ciα.

8 Oct 2009: The new energy levelsand wavefunctions could in principle be obtained by writing down a completeHamiltonian, including the external field. ... As soon as the perturbation is introduced, the eigenstates lie in the direc-tion of the new elliptic axes.

27 Nov 2009: e.g. quantum mechanical spin, emergence of new sub-atomicparticles, etc. 2 New phenomena appear at relativistic velocities. ... At these energy scales qualitatively new phenomena emerge:. e.g. particle production, existence of antiparticles, etc.

18 Nov 2009: What new phenomena occur? To mention a few:! Particle production: One of the most striking new phenomena toemerge is that of particle production – for example, the production ofelectron-positron pairs by ... Historically, the intrinsic