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18 May 2018: To test out the design I made a scale model which could be used by my god-daughter's Barbie.

12 Jul 2018: Part III, Paper 316 [TURN OVER. 4. 3. (i) Consider a test particle orbiting a star in the same plane as a coplanar system ofN planets. ... Use this to describe, bothquantitatively and with a sketch, the physical space covered by test particles, all of

29 Mar 2018: Gaia sees that in every measurement it makes so we can test Relativity to much improved accuracy.

23 Oct 2018: sufficiently high that it can be detected overcosmological distances, then we could test for the cosmological parametersm,0, Λ,0, and k,0 that determine the form of dL = f(z) ... region. The angular diameter distance test onthe temperature fluctuations

18 Oct 2018: The measurementson which these tests are based generally involve the redshifts and radiantfluxes of distant objects—modern telescopes now have the capability ofreaching to early epochs in the history of the ... However any conclusions from such tests

9 Nov 2018: In the case of Gaussian noise, the test would use a nullhypothesis of white noise with. ... The likelihood ratio test gives a test statistic of. Tn,w =(x̄n,w 1).

26 Mar 2018: Tests of Galaxy Formation dynamical determination of dark matter distribution reconstruction of merger and accretion history.

8 Oct 2018: The power of the hypothesis of homogeneity is that our own observationsfrom Earth are then all we need to test a cosmological model. ... On galactic scales, consider Figure 1.8. With gravity supplying the cen-tripetal force required to keep a test

18 Jan 2018: These tests were however not exhaustive. Formally, we can use the Schwarz criterion (Bayesian In-. ... formation Criterion, or BIC) to test which among our models. should be preferred (Schwarz 1978).

28 Nov 2018: Ideally the method should have a solid physical underpinning andhigh internal accuracy, amenable to empirical tests for systematic errors. ... The masing clumps act as dynamical test particles. A rotation curve ismeasured along the major axis of the

31 Jul 2018: the most optimum at producing exozodis anddelivering cometary material to inner planets, and we test. ... 1987). Below we present the mainanalytic considerations and predictions from previous worksthat we will test with our simulations.

6 Nov 2018: We saw in Lecture 6 that theapparent magnitudes of distant Type Ia supernovae (essentially a lumi-nosity distance test) delimit a region of the Λ,0-m,0 plane that is ... Thus, thecombination of the two tests, one based on dA and the other on dL, is

5 Apr 2018: We here test the hypothesis that these selection ef-. fects alone applied to a population uncorrelated in. ... vant for its formation, which depends on which theory. we are trying to test (see discussion in 4).

25 Oct 2018: There are two things to keep in mind here. (1) Althoughwe cannot explore this era empirically, we can test the consequences of ourmodels with observations of the Universe at later times.

9 Mar 2018: One of our goals was to test for a correlation between the bright-. ... detect those above a given dust level, so we cannot test for a cor-.

22 Nov 2018: and thereforev(R) R. (16.8). For a test particle located at sufficiently large R so that M(R) is constant,we expect. ... As we move to largerdistances from the disk, we run out of ‘test particles’ as stars in the halobecome more and more scarce.

30 Jul 2018: Fig. 1.A belt of test particles start exterior to the planet. In or-der to speed up the simulations, we do not need to trackthe particle’s evolution from the ... All variables arelisted in Table A1. The test particles all have low initial

14 Nov 2018: Thus, if we want to test from our data whether the intrinsicproperties of the absorbers evolve with cosmic time, we need to decouple.

31 Jul 2018: Severalmission architectures were proposed, key enabling technologies were developedand demonstrated on laboratory test-benches, and advanced data reductiontechniques were investigated. ... Although this performance is suf-ficient for flight, it would be

30 Oct 2018: Measurement of twoor more elements would in addition allow us to test the theory, since thevalues of η indicated by any two elements should agree.

22 Jan 2018: 2016). As such, HR8799 isan ideal test system for planet formation and evolution the-ories, as interactions between planets themselves and withdebris can be investigated. ... simulations from the four known planets interacting with a pop-ulation of test

2 Apr 2018: ture work. In contrast, it is important for the present. work to treat all systems in a uniform way.For detected excesses, we test whether our SZ model is.

30 Jul 2018: 4. The resultsof Fisher’s exact test to check if differences in the detection rates are significant are shown in Table 3.

22 Nov 2018: which we will test further by comparing to models inthe next subsection 4.2.

31 Jul 2018: MNRAS 000, 1–19 (2015) Preprint 4 July 2018 Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0. A gap in the planetesimal disc around HD 107146 andasymmetric warm dust emission revealed by ALMA. S. Marino,1?, J. Carpenter,2 M. C. Wyatt1, M. Booth3, S.

30 Jul 2018: We start each simulation with 2000 test particles that all have asimilar pericentre and apocentre {q, Q} spread in a narrow rangedefined by a grid (see Fig. ... We ran N-body simulations to follow the evolution of test particlesinitially randomly located

23 Aug 2018: In order to test the viability of this scenario, we followRappaport et al.

20 Jul 2018: 2017). Giant impacts at 10s of au. Disk structure provides an alternative test for the possible growth of dwarf planetswithin debris disks.

2 Jan 2018: Two. of the spectral windows were set in frequency division. mode and allowed us to test for the presence of spec-.

31 Jul 2018: For another test, we have examined our timeseries photometry for variations even down to 40-second induration, but we find no significant dips or flares on any fasttime scales.

19 Feb 2018: a test of whether an IR excessis present.