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The examiners remarked that this allowed the examinations to act as a better test of students’ abilities to construct well-structured essays than the typical closed-book three-hour exam format. ... While some essays were considered ‘episodic rather

Scientists, on the other hand, validate their constructs and measures using psychometric tests. ... 8 October Jim Moore (Open University). Making livings: the economic worlds of Wallace and Darwin.

This problem, to be sure, is widespread across the sciences. According to the ‘received view’, invariance under intervention provides the crucial test to decide whether X causes Y. ... Meehl, P.E. (1955). Construct Validity in Psychological Tests.

Answers to question 3 were very varied, covering alchemy and the economics ofchemistry, as well as the location and roles of naturalists, natural philosophers and their patrons. ... In question 8 (19 answers) many candidates conflated the two important

This talk will tell the story of laboratory pregnancy testing in Britain before the first DIY tests of the 1970s. ... Understanding how the book is made is vital to the study of its contents, helping to locate its economic and social context, its audience

Computing machinery and intelligence’ ‘The search for intelligent life?’ Turing’s test for acculturation How right was Turing? ... How Turing missed the point about consciousness Is Turing’s imitation game a valid test for intelligence?

Lecture Theatre, Trinity College on the subject “Coal, steam and ships: Economic historians versus historians of technology?”. ... Should they? Disputes between conventional normative economics and ‘happiness economics’ (around well-being vs.

Dissertation. Social epistemology meets science policy: a model driven proposal to test science funding strategies (supervised by Shahar Avin and Stephen John). ... Part III Essay and Dissertation Titles. Joe Bonham-Carter. Essays. Otto Neurath's welfare

an egg in a test-tube?  ''Early stages of fertilization in vitro of human oocytes matured in vitro' and the changing face of Nature in. ... 23. Jack Wright Essays Double standards? Why do misrepresentations in economics face stricter criticism than

Is ARCH modelling a telling example of a paradigm? A Kuhnian perspective on financial economics. ... supervised by Marina Frasca-Spada) Can economics be modelled? A consensus undermines a paradox (supervised by Christopher.