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This problem, to be sure, is widespread across the sciences. According to the ‘received view’, invariance under intervention provides the crucial test to decide whether X causes Y. ... Meehl, P.E. (1955). Construct Validity in Psychological Tests.

6 Jun 2024: S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) funded studies to investigate the economic and environmental consequences of such a war. ... Instead, ecologists and military planners envisioned the period of environmental and economic recovery after WWIII and

24 Jul 2023: 8. Are there any important ethical differences between genetic tests and other medical tests? ... 5. Keynesianism is different from Keynes’s economics. Explain how and why.

6 Jun 2024: The dramatic expansion in British participation in the slave trade by the middle of the century facilitated the efforts of naturalists such as Drury to collect specimens through the same circuits ... Created at the end of the eighteenth century, the

This talk will tell the story of laboratory pregnancy testing in Britain before the first DIY tests of the 1970s. ... 4 November Sophie Page (University College London) Medicine and learned magic in the late middle ages.

6 Jun 2024: American Economic Review, 107 (5): 1–26. 9 February. Seawright, Jason (2016), 'Case Selection in Small-N Research'. ... Economics & Philosophy, 2022: 1–25. 2 March. Haven, Tamarinde L., and Leonie Van Grootel (2019), 'Preregistering qualitative

15 Mar 2024: September. Some other things. I was on research leave as holder of a Leverhulme Major Research Fellowship for The Many Births of the Test-Tube Baby. ... Could the multiverse exist and if it could, could we test the theories we outline?

6 Jun 2024: Although economics face limitations when applied to complex, large-scale societal challenges like climate change, I wish to highlight a potentially important role for economic methodology. ... Current scholarship also suggests that fashion was a means

Lecture Theatre, Trinity College on the subject “Coal, steam and ships: Economic historians versus historians of technology?”. ... Should they? Disputes between conventional normative economics and ‘happiness economics’ (around well-being vs.

5 Apr 2021: From its inception, Urania was as much an economic proposition as anideological one. ... But science too is determined by class! Only the Marxist candiscover the economic and social driving forces behind the theories andideologies of each epoch.36.