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standardmodel
www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/sm/standardmodel3.pdf26 Jun 2024: first course on Electromagnetism. Suppose that you take two test particles, a quark in. ... Here. “confinement” means that if you introduce two test particles into the theory – a quark. -
2. Yang-Mills Theory Pure electromagnetism is a free theory ...
www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/gaugetheory/2ym.pdf26 Jun 2024: In this background, we place a test particle. The test particle is going to be under our. ... But. the test particle will carry an internal degree of freedom – this is the “electric charge”. – -
standardmodel
www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/sm/standardmodel2.pdf26 Jun 2024: h0+|(x)(y)|0i! h0+|(x)|0i h0|(y)|0i = v2 (2.37). This does not obey cluster decomposition because the vacuum |0i that we need toinsert in the middle diers ... a litmus test for whether the symmetry G is broken. The vacuum manifold M0 canthen be -
Preprint typeset in JHEP style - HYPER VERSION 2018 ...
www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/gaugetheory/gt.pdf26 Jun 2024: Preprint typeset in JHEP style - HYPER VERSION 2018. Gauge Theory. David Tong. Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics,. Centre for Mathematical Sciences,. Wilberforce Road,. Cambridge, CB3 OBA, UK.
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