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8 Sep 2001: Economics. To reduce costs, several parts are often moulded together on a "tree-like" structure; parts can then be separated after moulding. ... Injection moulding is only economic for batches of 10,000 - 100,000 or more and so is usually automated.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. Production rate is limited by the insertion and removal of the blank, so some form of automation is often used.

8 Sep 2001: Some scrap is always produced and cannot be directly recycled. Economics.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. If possible, avoid cutting! A surprising number of designs involve a cutting process followed by a joining process.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. Can be economic for any batch size from one-offs to mass production (with or without automation).

8 Sep 2001: Economics. Cycle time is limited by heat conduction out of the mould, so increases dramatically for larger wall thicknesses. ... The long cycle times usually limit economic batch sizes to between 500 and 10,000.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. Basic equipment costs around £10,000, but automation can increase this significantly.

8 Sep 2001: filter, bearings). Economics. The machinery is expensive, and can cost well over £100,000. ... Tends only to be economic for large batches (50,000+) or processing high-strength alloys.

8 Sep 2001: cured). Economics. There are few composite forming processes, and the decision of which to use is normally determined first by shape and type of fibre (chopped or continuous), and then by

8 Sep 2001: As a result, a self-quench is usually sufficient. The equipment is very expensive and not economic for large surfaces, but automation is straightforward and very precise control can be achieved.