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18 Oct 2021: and. -. 𝑑. x. x. e. -. a. x. 2. =. 0. (2.24). where the second equality follows because the integrand is odd (and suitably well behaved at infinity). ... σ. ). exp. (. -. x. 2. σ. |. α. |. 2. ). =. k. 0. where, to get the final equality, we did the

16 Oct 2021: 5 When Gravity is Weak. 5 When Gravity is Weak. The elegance of the Einstein field equations ensures that they hold a special place in the hearts of many physicists. However, any fondness you may feel for these equations will be severely tested if

18 Oct 2021: 2 Classical Gases. 2 Classical Gases. Our goal in this section is to use the techniques of statistical mechanics to describe the dynamics of the simplest system: a gas. This means a bunch of particles, flying around in a box. Although much of the

18 Oct 2021: 3 Quantum Gases. 3 Quantum Gases. In this section we will discuss situations where quantum effects are important. We’ll still restrict attention to gases — meaning a bunch of particles moving around and barely interacting — but one of the

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16 Oct 2021: ζ. Δ. ϕ. ϕ. (. 𝐱. ). Figure 24: RG flows when.

18 Oct 2021: Figure 24:. Expressing the work as. -. d. W. =. -. p. d. V. also allows us to underline the meaning of the new symbol. -.

8 Oct 2021: and absolutely impossible for me to do so in a course of 24 lectures).

9 Sep 2021: 24. Popularity of Oldroyd-B. Enduring use of Oldroyd-B:. I Only 3 parameters to fit data,.

18 Oct 2021: 3 Structure Formation. 3 Structure Formation. Until now, we have discussed a universe which is perfectly homogeneous and isotropic. But that is not the universe we live in. Instead, our universe contains interesting objects which clump together,