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8 Sep 2001: Economics. Equipment is generally low cost, except where automation is used. ... Wave soldering is the most economic means of soldering large batches of printed circuit boards.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. The machinery is expensive, and can cost well over £100,000 for HIPing. ... Because there is little competition, can be economic for small batches (1,000+) - although still not cheap!

8 Sep 2001: Economics. It is normal to try to reduce the amount of drilling required in a component by careful design - but when an accurate hole is required, drilling has little competition.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. The machinery is expensive, and can cost well over £100,000. ... Because of the high capital cost, the process is only economic for batches of 100,000+.

8 Sep 2001: Near-net-shape process, only the ends of the extrusion are wasted. Economics. ... Because of the high costs, it is usually only economic to produce lengths over 10km - although there is little competition for many of the possible shapes.

8 Sep 2001: cured). Economics. There are few composite forming processes, and the decision of which to use is normally determined first by shape and type of fibre (chopped or continuous), and then by

5 Sep 2001: Devising simple material tests is an important aspect of appreciating which properties are important in a design, and the challenges in obtaining meaningful, relevant material data.

4 Sep 2001: It is not economic to use standard processes such as turning - so another approach is needed.

8 Sep 2001: Economics. Milling machines vary in price from £1,000 to £1,000,000. Milling is generally a very slow way to produce a component - but it can be economic for prototyping

8 Sep 2001: Economics. For making stock items, rolling has few competitors.For this reason, it is usually performed by the foundries before passing on to customers for further processing. ... For long shaped sections, rolling is the only viable option for larger