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5 Apr 2017: 58). CJEU, Infopaq. fundamental freedoms. three-step test. definition of exceptions. Restrictive approach. ... the economic harm flowing from the taking of a small sound fragment is not significant.

15 Feb 2017: that there is a crisis, and that this amounts to a serious economic and democratic problem,. ... 11. All in all, any challenge to an EU neighbouring right at the CJEU is likely to test.

2 Mar 2017: See pp. 15-17. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the 6Committee of the Regions on ‘Promoting a fair, efficient ... See Proposal, p. 3 and Communication from the

11 Mar 2017: Consistency with other interpretative principles? – narrow interpretation, “three-step test”, purposive interpretation? ... Analysis not always bipolar. but cf transformativeness, economic efficiency. Mitigated by broad potential coverage of rights.

19 Jul 2017: of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations. ... of vital importance to their socio-economic and

5 Sep 2017: This is the requirement, for the article to apply, that the act of reproduction has to have no independent economic significance. ... In 2013, the Leistungsschutzrecht für Presseverleger, a right ancillary to copyright, was passed which protects the

5 Sep 2017: economic turmoil that followed the banking crisis in 2007. ... en.ejo.ch/media-economics/business-models/from-10-cents-per-article-micropayments-for-journalism> accessed 17 June 2015 75 C Clarke, 'The answer to the machine is in the machine'