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Signal action from the nationalgovernment. All households in the EU cannot respondbecause of economic considerations. ... Positive economic incentives Can help to increase the market share ofimprovements in energy ef¢ciency inthe EU.

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF SHOPS The earliest shopping would of course, have been done at local markets and fairs. ... Powell, C, 1996. The British Building Industry Since 1800: an economic history, 2nd ed, London: E &FN Spon.

Rich and C.H. Wilson, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of Europe: The economic organisation of early modern Europe, V, (Cambridge, 1977), pp.508 and 531; W.

emergent economic budget of 108.2 trillion yen.• April 16: The central government declared a state of. ... Healthier life (QOL, GNH) as an outcome of social activity appreciated in 21st century rather than higher economic prosperity (Income, GDP) as an

Mārciņš, 2005. “Building Houses from Wood”, Proceedings of Conference, Riga, Ministry of Economic V. ... Kazāks, K. Kazāks, 2005. “Latvian Traditions in building houses from Wood”, Proceedings of Conference, Riga, Ministry of Economic.

This coincided with a period of economic depression throughout the country; few buildings were built even in the relatively healthy climate of Chicago. ... glass prices to render the economic formula of the highly transparent curtain wall moot in the

Clearly then, fire continued to be “a major economic, social and existential problem” (Pearson, p. ... 214-5), fire has been absent from Victorian Glasgow’s economic and social history.

In Belgium at this time, the legal and socio-economic position of the contractor was undoubtedly weak. ... Powell, CG, 1980, An Economic History of the British Building Industry 1815-1979, London: The Architectural Press.

In this period – from 1936, when the Civil War started, until 1955 - Catalonia suffered through the worst economic period in its history. ... This study was driven by the search for solutions which were solid, quick and economic, necessary features at

Dr Andrea Silberman, Senior Economic Adviser, UK National Infrastructure Commission. We explicitly encourage debate across the social and physical sciences, recognising that the language and concepts employed differ, but the focus

resource management and inter-related activities to maximise collective economic and environmental benefit. ... characteristic urban forms, the trendy lifestyles, as well as the surging economic power.

resource management and inter-related activities to maximise collective economic and environmental benefit. ... characteristic urban forms, the trendy lifestyles, as well as the surging economic power.

In 1979 Echenique, following the Economic and Social Research Council’s. 23. ... conclusion that it could not spend nearly all its funds supporting Cambridge research (in economics and architecture), withdrew from the Centre (which he had directed for

destroyed. The construction industry was diversified under the new political and economic system after the war. ... and many other fields to realize the remarkable high economic growth of Japan during the 1960s to 1970s.

regulatory, economic, communicative or organisational. The best practices were then investigated to establish. ... puts additional pressure on the need to decouple economic. development from environmental performance.

combinethe energy certificate with economic policy instruments or to use it only for communica-tion purposes. ... The EPA tool is, in fact, an economic instrument, particularly based onsubsidies for energy-saving measures.

traditional for historical and dialectical materialism through the prism of the succession of "socio-economic systems". ... I, Chernyshev, V. I, Shukhardin, S. V, 1962. The History of Engineering, Moscow: Socio-Economic Literature Publishing House.

While many academic studies over the past forty years have circumscribed the socio-economic implications of tobacco as a staple crop, comparably few have attempted to understand the material cultural behind ... King, J, 1997. “Tobacco, Innovation, and

 On one hand, the intense quarantine and full lockdown come with huge human and economic cost. ... Introduction. Modelling Disease Spread.  Typical “SIR” (Susceptible; Infected; Removed) models of disease spread are extremely aggregate:– No

what, towards the end of the last century, had become the dominant metaphor for the whole – economics…the idea that the whole was a result of myriads of exchanges (Hayek).

An environment of economic freedom prompted Saint-Gobain to centralise and compete with the increasing number of glass producers in France. ... Commentators ascribe this decline to two reasons namely wars that halted economic activity, and taxation for

regulatory, economic, communicative or organisational. The best practices were then investigated to establish. ... puts additional pressure on the need to decouple economic. development from environmental performance.

Within East Anglia the foursquare toll-houses we have observed were obviously an economic solution to the problem. ... The productivity of the land is thus reflected in the economic viability of the turnpike trust.

The second session sets developments in Paris in the 1960s in the context of Europe’s economic boom years. ... Economic and Political Weekly, 43(20), 59–66. Page 24 of 29. Perlman, Janice E.

As the procession left the Senate House for lunch at Trinity it was ambushed from the windows of Caius College by Sumet, Steve and Tim Mathias, showering the great man with

Areas. Acknowledgements. 3. 1 Introduction. 5 1.1 Energy as an environmental and economic problem. ... RQ 1.3: Environmental requirements in building regulations. RQ 1.4: Negative and affirmative economic incentives.

At the base of such decisions were economic motivations that were closely linked to a precise cultural attitude. ... 1234. numerous treatises on economica, or home economics, of the period like the Vero metodo della Cristiana politica ed economica by

J.J.) How the transition from feudalism to capitalism came about was the bone of contention among those economic historians, predominantly of Marxist inspiration, who debated over the four decades after ... REFERENCES Aston, T.H. and Philpin C.H.E. (eds),

H. Bow, Economics of Construction in Relation to Framed Structures (1873),.

From the letters received by Venturoli by his. 620. collaborators it appears that the economic situation was very critical for the new Institution and it was extremely difficult to find enough ... 4). A political, economic, social and cultural

The possibilities it creates for mechanisation, organisation of the work process and the economics of projects all speak in favour of the introduction of the new systems - so much so, that ... Industrial uniqueness. This means that a unique product can

Thorne 1990) More so than any other material iron became associated with the dramatic socio-economic-technological changes that transformed the face of Britain during the 18PthP and 19PthP centuries. ... Restrictive and uncoordinated building legislation

He stands somewhere behind my elbow in most things I write, in the shape of his insistence that architecture is cultural, social, poetic, political and economic.

interpretations of the authors of the patents, which will be done in expediency with the economic studies of the companies. ... 1725. (Vierendel, 1900, Moya, 1928), where the calculation will play the role of economic and formal fitter between the idea

676. in Europe, settler colonies like New Zealand, trading colonies like India, and economic colonies like Argentina. ... This is perhaps unsurprising given the relative economic advance of those countries, and political rivalry.

Aggregale economic activity was hedvily influenced by the US construction sector's expansion, collapse and failure to revive d u r n g the interwar yenrs. ... widows - did not give them the same s m i n l or economic sIdtus as men.

Rather than being a symbol of the depressed economic condition after AD62, the forum with its vigorous and ambitious post-earthquake building programme reveals both a desire to build on a ... of house exteriors and interior spaces, the relative size of

CONCLUSIONS Looking only at cost, there was a strong economic incentive to switch away from bearing-wall construction to either cage or skeleton construction. ... The switch from cage to skeleton construction is difficult to explain on economic grounds,

We tried to make the system as simple as possible, responding to static and economic needs. [.] ... This position was probably determined also by his clients and the general economic system.

Diderot's Encycfupirlie brought together expositions of a great range of trades and crafts to demonsrrate the economic contributions of those excluded from political power. ... We are now in lhe very dtfferenl context of industrial decline and economic

Contemporary records suggest that, through the second half of the nineteenth century, concrete became increasingly popular for both practical and economic reasons, and an increasing number of specialist concrete firms began ... One of the significant

The monarchy began to classify roads according to their economic or strategic importance.

DeLaine, J, 1997. The Baths of Caracalla: A Study of the Design, Construction and Economics of Large-scale Building Projects in Imperial Rome, Portsmouth R I: Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement

was particularly reactive to political, economic, cultural and technical evolutions: this is another of its distinctive characteristics. ... For firms standardisation means the economic rationalisation of production, which is consequently divided into a

HANDBOOK 2018-2020. MPHIL IN ARCHITECTURE. AND URBAN DESIGN. UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE. Contents Welcome! 6. Part I: Getting Set Up. 7. Graduate Induction Day. 7. Meeting Your Principal Supervisor. 7. University Card and

of scarce tracts on economic and pJlitica.lhis tory , london 1932).

As the addi-tional thermal costs were D187/m2, this loses economic viabilitywhen price elasticity is included. ... it becomes more common to use the actual pre-refit fuelconsumption in calculations of economic viability.

Areas. Acknowledgements. 3. 1 Introduction. 5 1.1 Energy as an environmental and economic problem. ... RQ 1.3: Environmental requirements in building regulations. RQ 1.4: Negative and affirmative economic incentives.

ARTICLE IN PRESS. Energy Policy ] (]]]]) ]]]–]]]. Contents lists available at ScienceDirect. Energy Policy. 0301-42. doi:10.1. Abbre. CERT, C. yoursel. mance C. megato. of carbo. SPC, sha. taxn Corr. E-m1 H. single h. used to. installin2 U. at

The flow of work appears to have been reasonably steady, or at any rate it avoided the worst of the steep fluctuations of fortune associated with prolonged national economic uncertainties of ... Cooney, E.W, 1955-6. “Origins of the Victorian Master