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This experience is particularly interesting as there has been a continuous evolution of technology which considered and responded to functional and technical needs including the limited economic resources (Norton 1997).

than in most low rise housing for comparable socio-economic groups. ... at the RIBA in 1931, suggested that “this appears to be the economic height to build at present.” (Wornum 1931, p.

June 1971 (1972), pp.271-88. 12 P. Stone, The Economics of Building Design' J.

A second theme concerns the construction industry organisation and the impact of economic change. ... The truth is that the new style met aesthetic, technological and economic impolses in a fully synthesised way.

The Servicio de Regiones Devastadas - by means of subsidies, loans and tax exemptions - fostered a reconstruction policy within a nation that was facing a deep economic, political, cultural an social crisis. ... It was a time of great economic scarcity.

O n l y in the last generdtion h a v e the engineers been forced to concede what their critics welt beginning to see during the 1830s: economic progress has

There is no particular restriction regarding the field study of the first degree as this is an interdisciplinary field spanning architecture, city planning, economics, transportation engineering, geography, investment finance and urban

The insistence on a broader social and economic perspective had led historians to condemn all histoire événementielle - and the traditional histoire bataille, which indeed dominated the historiography of warfare, was naturally ... of the labour force,

economic variation, was proposed.

Through various periods of history, first in Roman times and later under Frederick II of Svevia, the saltworks of Margherita di Savoia have represented a fundamental economic and strategic resource for

The plans for the building that was actually constructed limited the project to only one of the original two constructions and the gallery was abandoned, mainly for economic reasons (fig.

This development might have had disastrous economic consequences for the joiners were it not for the fact that the increased production was paralleled by a simultaneous growth in demand. ... Whatever hopes the master craftsmen might have had of regaining

This system is much simpler and much more economic than continuous Renaissance stereotomy. -

Invited participant ‘Economic and Ethical Implications of Low Carbon Health and Social Care’, series of meetings at the Kings Fund. -

That is 400kg/m2 and after that it is related to the numerical and graphical calculations realized, project, administrative and economic specifications, budget by chapter, work measurements, detailed prices, price and

changes for every building parcel in the city. In addition to recording the bureaucratic process of construction, they also give information on the economic, political and sociological environment which are strongly

249). no date Economic cooker with Bonnemain’s heat regulator, coloured wash drawing (CNAM Industrial Portfolio Inv. ... REFERENCES Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers Archives (CNAM) Economic cooker with Bonnemain’s heat regulator, coloured

trip patterns by mode, socio-economic group, time ofday, etc., within a single zoning system. ... by mode, socio-economic group,time-of-day) may help to account for such distributional aspects without having to identifythose patterns explicitly.

2961. Academy of Fine Arts of San Carlos of Valencia, and honorary member of the Economics Society of Valencia published in Valencia in 1857, are therefore representative enough, for the period

Such an economic incentive could trigger their interest in the system efficiency, promote. ... even have their own mini-fridge. Despite economic constraints, there seems to be an.

95-119. Walsh, L S, 1989. “Plantation Management in the Chesapeake 1620-1820”, Journal of Economic History, 49, pp.

Renaissance when Seville became the most important city in the Western world because of the demographic and economic boom generated by the concession of the commercial harbour monopoly with the Indies

In the post-war period, government influence in socio-economic affairs became widely expanded and institutionalised:.

As retrofits cannot saveenergy that is not actually being consumed, this hasimplications for the economic viability of thermalretrofits. ... ReferencesBarker, T., Ekins, P. and Foxton, T. (2007) The macro-economic. rebound effect and the UK economy.

Omitted from History: Women in the Building Trades. Linda Clarke and Chris Wall. INTRODUCTION. The building industry was one of the first, together with agriculture, where wage labour emerged and became firmly established in Britain. It was one of

It has weathered periods of economic decline and been bruised by local civic unrest.

of the Methodist faith, and the social and economic status of the builders. ... It was hoped to place the building in its social, economic and religious landscape, and to establish a level of significance.

They include reference to the importance of regular (and recorded) maintenance, guidelines on the most economic modes of operation for different occupational requirements, hints on how to make maximum advantage of

The eighteenth century (table 4) was additionally marked by the institution of new systems that resulted in the more economic use of building materials in defence construction and in better adaptation

For example, he undertook a close analysis of the economics of the building process, concentrating on the cost of materials and where they had been bought.

Sources: Austria: Statistik Austria (2001). Finland: Institute ofConstruction Economics (ICE) (2005).

It evidences that the bodega was not only considered an industrial installation but it had an important symbolic value that revealed the social and the economic status of its owner.

Rees, H, 1999. “Art exports and the construction of national heritage in late Victorian and Edwardian Britain” in De Marchi, N and Goodwin, C, (eds.), Economic Engagements with Art, Durham and

Les concours d’architecture 1920-21, pp. 3-5, pl. 1-12). The illustration of the ceiling of the safe deposit is, for Démaret, the occasion to detail even the economic

In the centuries following the Estense period there are no indications of particular operations and due to the owner’s economic difficulties there was no remedy for the inevitable deterioration of

The construction of an arsenal in a city like Cartagena entailed important changes in urban development, as well as geophysical, social and economic changes, that still exist today, but these are

G. Y. Yun and K. Steemers, (2011), ‘Behavioural, physical and socio-economic factors in household cooling energy consumption’, Applied Energy, vol.

Net-works and Spatial Economics 9(4), 551–573 (2009). 17. Lam, W.H.K., Gao, Z.Y., Chan, K.S., Yang, H.: A stochastic user equilibrium assignment model for congested ... Gabriella Schoier and Giuseppe Borruso( ). DEAMS – Department of Economic,

It was therefore a decision of great social, political and economic importance, which had to be taken quickly after receiving advice from the experts.

economic down-swing that was just then beginning.

The city in 1880 was on the verge of a boom in commercial construction; it was recovering from the economic depression and absorbing the large stock of buildings thrown up after

The principle of minimum intervention was carried out, mainly for economic reasons, but also of the scope of authenticity.

local materials, of traditional techniques and the energetic and economic optimization are typical features of development (Caròla, 2002).

She holds a Master in Architecture from Carleton University, a Master of Science in Political Theory from the London School of Economics and Politics and a Bachelor of Honors in Politics

She holds a Master in Architecture from Carleton University, a Master of Science in Political Theory from the London School of Economics and Politics and a Bachelor of Honors in Politics

Secondly, although existing studies collectively suggest that significant endogenous interactions exist among the influencing factors like travellers’ socio-economic and demographic profiles, residents’ self-selection and spatial sorting, land

Laure ItardFrits Meijer. S U S T A I N A B L E. U R B A N A R E A S. 22. Towards a sustainable Northern European housing stock. Figures, facts and future. Delft Centre for Sustainable Urban Areas. Delft University of Technology. Delft University of

The development in Britain followed a different path to that in America because the social, economic and cultural conditions in the two countries were quite different.

England; it considers the economics of the trade and assesses the factors that influenced taste. ... Wallpaper. Chapter 1 MANUFACTURING: FROM CHINA TO CHEAPSIDE. Chapter 2 THE ECONOMICS OF WALLPAPER: TRADE AND LABOUR.

The lack of maintenance is athreat to sustainable building, not only in terms of environmental sustainability (waste and the use of newresources) but also economic (lack of incentives regarding long payback ... The differences in the Japanese and EU