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9 Oct 2023: b) p = (1λ)a 12λb 1. 2λc. (c) q = (1µ)b 12µc 1. ... B6. (a) n̂ = b/|b|. (b) (ca) n̂. (c) c (c n̂)n̂.

27 Apr 2024: magnetic fields through the Lorentz force law,. F = q(E ṙ B) (1.2). ... field causes a particle to move in circles in the plane perpendicular to B.

24 Aug 2023: For example the natural pairing E E! R is written. (a,!b) 7! ... H?= {!a1.ak 2. k. H|! b. a1.ak2b= 0}. 1.2. The Rumin complex 17.

20 Nov 2023: B := bounded operators N := bounded normal operators,. SA := bounded self-adjoint operators C := compact operators,. ... i) Spectrum:. G3 63 {Ξsp, B} ΠA3 (all oper.), G2 63 {Ξsp, N} ΣA2 (normal),.

26 Jun 2024: Typically AB is not the same as BA. The commutator [A, B] captures. ... the dierence between these. Clearly [A, B] = [B, A] and the same also holds foroperators: [Ô, M̂] = [M̂, Ô].

12 Nov 2023: a tan1 y. a). H14. (b) J = 1b(1 eax cos bx) a. ... J1. P({B,B}) = 29, P({B,G}) = 4. 9, P({B,Y}) = 1.

22 Feb 2024: The Liouville equation is often written using the Poisson bracket,. {A,B} Ari.

24 Nov 2023: a b = b a , (38). which simply follows from the fact that the direction of the cross product. ... a b c = b c a = c a b= a c b = b a c = c b a.

1 Apr 2024: m and charge e in a magnetic field is. mdv. dt= ev B. – ... b =12eB. (π̃x iπ̃y) and b† =. 12eB. (π̃x iπ̃y). – 23 –. These too obey. [b,b†] = 1. It is this second pair of creation operators that provide the degeneracy of the Landau.

27 Dec 2023: For this we take the linear combinations. Ai =1. 2(Ji iKi) and Bi =. 1. 2(Ji iKi). Both of these are Hermitian, with A†i = Ai and B†i = Bi.