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  2. Modelling data

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/2324/modelling%20data.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: generalize from observations in the training set to new test cases(interpolation and extrapolation). • ... make predictions on test cases• interpret the trained model, what insights is the model providing?• evaluate the accuracy of model. •
  3. SMEM Algorithm for Mixture Models

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/UedNakGha98a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: operations to improve the likelihood of both the training data and of held-out test data. ... The data size was 200/class for training and 200/class for test.
  4. Modelling data

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/2122/modelling%20data.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: generalize from observations in the training set to new test cases(interpolation and extrapolation). • ... make predictions on test cases• interpret the trained model, what insights is the model providing?• evaluate the accuracy of model. •
  5. Predictive Automatic Relevance Determinationby Expectation…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/QiMinPic04a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: The first experiment has 30 random trainingpoints and 5000 random test points with dimension200. ... The estimated predictive performance is better correlated with the test errors thanevidence and sparsity.
  6. Bayesian Inference for Efficient Learning in Control Marc Peter ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/DeiRas09.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Required experience: 1minute. Figure 1 shows some snapshots of a test trajectory, where the controller is trained on experiencefrom 17.5 s. •
  7. mlss2003_main.dvi

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/Ras04.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: One of the primary goals computing the posterior is that it can be used tomake predictions for unseen test cases. ... n for thetraining means and analogously for the test means µ; for the covariance weuse Σ for training set covariances, Σ for
  8. 13 Feb 2023: However,it gives proper consideration to the uncertainty surrounding the test point and exactly computes themoments of the correct posterior distribution. ... 0.5log(x2(sin(2x)2)1). Figure 3: Comparison of models for suite of 6 test functions.
  9. 4F13 Machine Learning: Coursework #2: Latent Dirichlet Allocation…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/1112/cw/coursework2.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: c) 10% : Using the model from question b), what will the test set log probability be if the testset B contains a word which is not contained in the training set ... e) 10% : What is the log probability for the test document with ID 2001?
  10. The Geometry of Random Features Krzysztof Choromanski∗1 Mark…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/geometry.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: pre-dictive distribution obtained by an exactly-trained GP, and(ii) predictive RMSE on test sets. ... Figure 8: Approximate GP regression results on Bostondataset. Reported numbers are average test RMSE, alongwith bootstrap estimates of standard error
  11. What Keeps a Bayesian Awake At Night? Part 1: Day Time · Cambridge…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/blog/2021/03/31/what-keeps-a-bayesian-awake-at-night-part-1.html
    12 Apr 2024: Examples include inferring the mass of the Higgs boson ($X$) from collider data ($D$); estimating the prevalence of Covid 19 infections ($X$) from PCR test data ($D$); or reconstructing files ($X$) ... One way to view them is as unit tests that the
  12. Split and Merge EM Algorithm for Improving Gaussian Mixture Density…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/UedNakGha00b.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: toimprove the likelihood of both the training data and of held-out test data. ... 2.In Fig. 2, the upper (lower) trajectory corresponds tothe training (test) data.
  13. FAST ONLINE ANOMALY DETECTION USING SCAN STATISTICS Ryan Turner ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/TurBotGha10.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: The compu-tational burden is small since the routine only needs to berun when configuring the test. ... We compareit to the CUSUM method, linear trend methods, and uni-formity tests.
  14. WolGha05 handout

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/WolGha06.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: Now, imagine we get new information in the form of a positive blood test. ... Let us denote by B, the event that the blood test is positive.
  15. workshop_abstract.dvi

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/WilGha08.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: This experiment was designed to test the average predictiveperformance of the algorithms. ... The results are shown in table 1. Secondly, we designed an experiment to test the performance of the algorithm on new movieswith no, or few, reviews.
  16. Learning Depth From Stereo Fabian H. Sınz1, Joaquin Quiñonero ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/SinQuiBaketal04.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: The remaining 792 were used as test set. Classical calibration. During bundle adjustment, several camera parameterswere highly correlated with others. ... Fig. 5 shows the position error according to the test points actualdepth and according to the image
  17. - 4F13: Machine Learning

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/1011/lect04.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: Moralisation test for conditional independence. (Lauritzen et al, 1990; Cowell et al, 1999)A. ... directed mixed graphs). • Marginal and conditional independence• Markov boundaries and separation tests for independence• Plate notation.
  18. Bayesian HC research talk

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/p8-07/lect4s.ppt
    27 Jan 2023: Unlabelled Test Images: 22,000 images. For each training and test image we can store a vector of 240 binary color and texture features. ... about 0.2 sec on this laptop to query 22,000 test images.
  19. System Identification inGaussian Process Dynamical Systems Ryan…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/TurDeiRas09.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: of test data; we trainedon daily snowfall from Jan. ... We do not report results for GPDM on the real data since it was too slow to run on the large test set.
  20. Leader Stochastic Gradient Descent for DistributedTraining of Deep…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/NeurIPS2019_LSGD_preprint.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: Test error for the center variableversus wall-clock time (original plot on the left and zoomed onthe right). ... Test loss is reported in Figure 13 in the Supplement. Finally, in Figure 6 we report theempirical results for ResNet50run on ImageNet.
  21. Sparse Gaussian Processes using Pseudo-inputs Edward Snelson Zoubin…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/nips05spgp.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: Once the inversion is done, prediction isO(N ) for thepredictive mean andO(N 2) for the predictive variance per new test case. ... We have demonstrated a significant decrease in test error over the other methods for a givensmall pseudo/active set size.
  22. AA06.dvi

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/GirRasQuiMur03.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: the density of the actual true test output under the Gaussianpredictive distribution and use its negative log as a measure of loss. ... The training and test data consist of pH values (outputsy of the process) anda control input signal (u).
  23. 19 Jun 2024: Ex-periments are described in 6, where we examine test cases.Conclusions are discussed in 7. ... Given this performance, we used FW for all Bethe opti-mizations on the test cases.
  24. Bounding the Integrality Distance ofLP Relaxations for Structured…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/OPT2016_paper_3.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: Thus, the more training data we have, the better we can estimate theexpected integrality distance at test time.Remark 1. ... 9] O. Meshi, M. Mahdavi, A. Weller, and D. Sontag. Train and test tightness of LP relaxations instructured prediction.
  25. Large Scale Nonparametric Bayesian Inference:Data Parallelisation in…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/DosKnoMohGha09.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Initially, a largenumber of features are added, which provides improvements in the test likelihood. ... Table 2 summarises the data and shows thatall approaches had similar test-likelihood performance.
  26. paper.dvi

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/KimGha08.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Figure 1 shows the training points, test points, decision boundary from GPCand decision boundary from robust GPC. ... We created 10 pairs of training and test sets by randomlydividing the whole data set into two.
  27. Bayesian Classifier Combination Zoubin Ghahramani and Hyun-Chul Kim∗…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/GhaKim03.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: Satellitehas a training set of 4435, a test set of 2000 with 6 classes and 36 variables. ... UCI digit data set has a trainingset of 3823, a test set of 1797, 10 classes and 64 variables.
  28. - 4F13: Machine Learning

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/0708/lect06.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: Constraint-Based Learning: Use statistical tests of marginal and conditionalindependence. Find the set of DAGs whose d-separation relations match theresults of conditional independence tests.
  29. Manifold Gaussian Processes for Regression Roberto Calandra∗, Jan…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/CalPetRasDei16.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Additionally, for the test set, wemake use of the Negative Log Predictive Probability (NLPP). ... For training we extract 400consecutive data points, while we test on the following 500data points.
  30. LNCS 5342 - Outlier Robust Gaussian Process Classification

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/KimGha08a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Figure 1 shows the training points, test points, decision boundary from GPCand decision boundary from robust GPC. ... We created 10 pairs of training and test sets by randomlydividing the whole data set into two.
  31. Randomized Nonlinear Component Analysis

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/LopSraSmo14a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Results are statistically significantrespect to a paired Wilcoxon test on a 95% confidence inter-val. ... Figure 3. Autoencoder reconstructions of unseen test images forthe MNIST (top) and CIFAR-10 (bottom) datasets.
  32. Local and global sparse Gaussian process approximations Edward…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/aistats07localGP.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: The nearestblock’s GP is used to predict at a given test point. ... At test time, a test point is simply assigned tothe nearest cluster center.
  33. One-network Adversarial Fairness

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/AAAI2019_OneNetworkAdversarialFairness.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: To test significance, we perform a paired t-test withsignificance level at 5%. ... Totest significance, we perform a paired t-test with significance level at 5%.
  34. 13 Feb 2023: The test data is created by randomlyselecting 10% of the data points and setting them as missing. ... 0.5. 1. 1.5. 2. 2.5. 3. PARAFAC. Probabilistic NTF. Test Train.
  35. BIOINFORMATICS ORIGINAL PAPER Vol. 21 no. 16 2005, pages ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/ChuGhaFal05a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Non-parametric tests,e.g. the Wilcoxon rank sum test, are superior to the t -test in this case. ... The integers in the parantheses is the total test error numberover the 10 folds.
  36. /users/joe/src/tops/dvips

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/UedNakGha00a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: improve the likelihood of both the training dataand of held-out test data. ... The split criterion defined by equation 3.13 can be viewed as a likelihoodratio test.
  37. 4F13 Machine Learning: Coursework #4: Reinforcement Learning Zoubin…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/1011/cw/coursework4.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: Test yourvalueIteration algorithm.
  38. G:\bioinformatics\Bioinfo-26(7)issue\btq053.dvi

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/LipGhaBor10.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: A two-sample test tries to decide whether twosamples, in our case x and DC , have been generated by the samedistribution or not. ... edge,and might artificially boost prediction accuracy if they appear in both trainingand test set.
  39. Relational Learning with Gaussian Processes Wei ChuCCLS Columbia…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/ChuSinGhaetal07.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: in the input space and provides proba-bilistic induction over unseen test points. ... K̃(zm, zt)]T. One can computethe Bernoulli distribution over the test labelyt by.
  40. 4F13 Machine Learning: Coursework #1: Gaussian Processes Carl Edward…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/teaching/4f13/1415/cw/coursework1.pdf
    19 Nov 2023: Show and comment on the fit and the hypers, and the predictions forthe test data.
  41. https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/misc/karna.txt

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/misc/karna.txt
    27 Jan 2023: This could take time and test our patience. Q. Once the enemy is defined, is violence the proper response? ... It may require education. It will require time and may test our patience.
  42. Gaussian Process Model Based Predictive Control

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/KocMurRasGir04.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: 4. Fitting of theresponse for validation signal:• average absolute test error. AE = 0.1276 (14). • ... average squared test error. SE = 0.0373 (15). 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 100002.
  43. Relational Learning with Gaussian Processes Wei ChuCCLS Columbia…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/relationalgp.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: in the input space and provides proba-bilistic induction over unseen test points. ... K̃(zm, zt)]T. One can computethe Bernoulli distribution over the test labelyt by.
  44. 544 The Block Diagonal Infinite Hidden Markov Model Thomas ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/SteGhaGoretal09.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Each dataset had 2000 stepsof training data and 2000 steps of test data. ... these were not significantly different (two sam-ple t-test, p = 0.3).
  45. The Infinite Hidden Markov Model Matthew J. Beal Zoubin ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/zoubin/papers/ihmm.pdf
    27 Jan 2023: We propose estimating the likelihood of a test sequence given a learned model using particlefiltering. ... 6Different particle initialisations apply if we do not assume that the test sequence immediatelyfollows the training sequence.
  46. Determinantal Clustering Process - A Nonparametric BayesianApproach…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/ShaGha13a.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: Next anyparameters of the density model can be integrated outto produce a predictive clustering of unseen test data. ... lected wheat types) and leave 5 data points from eachwheat type as unobserved test points.
  47. The Supervised IBP: Neighbourhood PreservingInfinite Latent Feature…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/QuaShaKnoGha13.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: the in-ferred test latent variable z with respect to the train-ing latent variables Z. ... boldface is significant using a one-sided paired t-test with 95% confidence.
  48. 1 Learning the Structure of Deep Sparse Graphical Models ...

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/AdaWalGha10.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: c) (d)Figure 4: Olivetti faces a) Test images on the left, withreconstructed bottom halves on the right. ... Fig 4ashows six bottom-half test set reconstructions on theright, compared to the ground truth on the left.
  49. Blind Justice: Fairness with Encrypted Sensitive Attributes

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/ICML18-BlindJustice.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: Figure 2 shows the test set accuracyover the constraint value. By design, the synthetic datasetexhibits a clear trade-off between accuracy and fairness. ... Biddle, D. Adverse impact and test validation: A practi-tioner’s guide to valid and defensible
  50. 2018 Formatting Instructions for Authors Using LaTeX

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/adrian/AIES18-crowd_signals.pdf
    19 Jun 2024: For training our classifiers, we use 5-fold cross-validation.In each test, the original sample is partitioned into 5 sub-samples, out of which 4 are used as training data, ... The processis then repeated 5 times, with each of the 5 sub-samplesused
  51. Archipelago: Nonparametric Bayesian Semi-Supervised Learning Ryan…

    https://mlg.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/pdf/AdaGha09.pdf
    13 Feb 2023: In almost all of our tests, Archipelagohad lower test classification error than the NCNM. ... Itimproves over mixture-based Bayesian approaches toSSL while still modeling complex density functions.In empirical tests, our model compares favorably

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