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Source: British Academy, Grant BAPDF0508. £67,929 (2006-2008). Polar bears for sport; a critical analysis of the social and economic benefits and costs of conservation (Trophy) hunting in the Canadian

Anne Vick: Land transportation management in Denali National Park, Alaska. Marcus West: Post 1920 Svalbard: the challenge for economic development.

Marcelle Chabot continued to investigate the changing economic relations in Inuit family households to show how families sustain themselves by cross-subsidies from wage labour to subsistence hunting.

Finally, the Australian Research Ship, Aurora Australis, has been fitted with machine guns to deal with poachers of Patagonian Toothfish in the "Australian Antarctic Economic Zone".

Paul Berkman (University of California, Santa Barbara, USA); Professor Bjørn Basberg (Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration); Professor Petri Pellikka (University of Helsinki, Finland); Dr Peter Dann (Melbourne University,

Anthropological fieldwork based on interviews and participant observation reveals to what extent the perception of and ideas about nature influence the scope for adaptations of reindeer herders and the socio-economic

Saami, Nenets and Komi peoples) and plays a considerable role in their cultural identity and economic security.

This year we benefited greatly from the lessons of the earlier experiences accrued around the Antarctic Peninsula and we were furthermore blessed by remarkably favourable weather conditions.

They have also served as flag carriers, and as symbols of political, diplomatic and economic ambitions of the nations to which their founders belonged.

It also reveals lessons from their situations to help us make better decisions in our modern-day lives.