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20 Mar 2000: ture for changes in use [5]. It wasrecognised early in the work that car-bon fibre is not economic when viewedon the basis of the material cost. ... time.Similarly, the use of GFRP compositesfor complete structures is proving tobe economic when there are

8 Jul 2004: Fibre-reinforced-polymers versus steel in concrete bridges: Structural design and economic viability. ... Thus if a bridge is to be repaired the speed rather than the material cost is of economic importance.

20 Jul 2004: 1. AAACCCMMMBBBSSS MMMCCCAAAPPPCCC IV. ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF STRUCTURES WITH FRP REINFORCEMENT AND PRESTRESS. ... In this paper methods to study the economics of those materials are presented and conclusions on their viability in bridges are drawn.

13 Jul 2005: To ensure the most efficient use of limited economic resources, it is important that such actions are only undertaken on those bridges which actually need intervention.

20 Jul 2004: It is also unlikely that AFRP or CFRP will be economic for flexure. ... Bent pultrusions, however, will never be economic. 4.4 Internal confinement for compression.

2 Dec 1998: From the work carried out in this study, it can be concluded that composite space truss bridges with profiled steel sheeting and GRP enclosures can provide safe, economic solutions to the

5 May 2005: This increase has been based on the flexibility and better economic performance offered by venues featuring retractable roofs compared to those with traditional fixed roofs.

11 Jul 2007: Even placing some form of traffic or weight restriction on a strategic bridge can impose a substantial economic burden on a community. ... 204. 7 ONCLUSIONS. There is clearly an economic imperative to refin and extend the current methods of analysis used

11 Jul 2007: Microzonation study). Casualty model. Loss estimation:Damage states, casualties,. direct economic losses.

8 May 2002: resistance is critical to the safe and economic design of pipelines (Schaminee et al, 1990). ... density. The economics of these alternatives may demonstrate that better design and more efficient.

9 Aug 2004: There could be significant economic consequences if these structures cannot be strengthened as the only other options are weight restrictions or complete replacement.

3 Feb 2004: The engineer can then design the reinforcement in the twodirections, and to be economic, he curtails the reinforcement assoon as possible, so that the resistance moment follows veryclosely the applied moment.

11 Jul 2007: Failure of these structures causes great economic losses, serious impediment to post-earthquake emergency operations and long-lasting disruption of social and economic life.

12 Oct 2010: Economic Viability of FRP Prestressed Concrete Structures - Complete . Fibre Reinforced Polymers and aramid ropes have been identified as suitable materials for reinforcing and prestressing concrete. ... The problem appears to be economic, but this

4 Oct 2011: Submitted to ACI Structural Journal. Balafas I. and Burgoyne C.J., Economics of beams reinforced and prestressed with FRP. ... Burgoyne C.J., Does FRP have an economic future?, Invited Keynote Paper, 4th Conf on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges

29 Feb 2000: Even placing some form of traffic or weight restriction on a strategic bridge can impose a substantial economic burden on a community. ... What does failure actually mean in an elastic analysis and what are the consequences of such a failure in terms of

22 Nov 2004: A better understanding of this soil-structure interaction problem is urgently needed so that safe and economic designs can be achieved.

24 Aug 2001: John D McKinley, Cambridge University. Geotechnical Engineering Group. Abstract. Civil Engineers have used grouted ground anchors to transmit tensile loads into the soil because of the technique’s economic and practical

31 Mar 2004: Site response analysis for the layered soil also showed that there was visible advantage of using a 2D non -linear program over 1D program, as this would enable an economic design.

26 Mar 2010: But bent pultrusions will never be economic. 4.4 Internal confinement for compression. ... So the economic viability of a design depends crucially on whose costs are taken into account.