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9 Aug 2005: LOOSELY COUPLED HMMS FOR ASR. H.J. Nock. S.J. Young. Cambridge University Engineering Department,Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK. ... 3.1. Experimental Setup. The OGI ISOLET database consists of wideband recordings ofsingle letters of the

9 Aug 2005: For example, assumingthat the z i are drawn from an alphabet of size K, we have :. ( ) { }z i z z zK 0 1 1, , ,. and when z i = zj this is ... 1. Let tot consist of the events ( ) ( ) ( ){ }x x x N0 1 1, , , where eachx i is drawn from a finite alphabet (

9 Aug 2005: CD), singular or plural article (ATI), singular article (AT), coordinatingconjunction (CC), subordinating conjunction (CS), letter of the alphabet (ZZ), end-of-sentence marker (SE), infinitival “to” (TO), unit ofmeasurement (NNU)! " #

9 Aug 2005: References 96. Ph.D. dissertation, Thomas Niesler, Cambridge University, June 1997. Page v. ... Ph.D. dissertation, Thomas Niesler, Cambridge University, June 1997. Chapter 1: Introduction Page 1.

9 Aug 2005: at the University of Cambridge. Summary. The discovery of the independent components of a series of data is the ‘holy grail’ of unsuper-vised learning systems. ... 2.1.2 Joint and conditional entropy. If we now consider a pair of sources X and Y with